Mutations

 Mutations produce different copies of genes, called alleles. These new alleles might not have any effect on the trait, even though they result in a different mRNA copy. However, in the end, the same sequence of amino acids (protein) will be produced. In this case, the mutation is called a #silent_mutation.

In other cases, a single amino acid can change, or the entire sequence of amino acids can be altered starting from the mutation site.

If a mutation in DNA leads to the appearance of a #stop_codon in mRNA, the resulting protein will be incomplete.

Any mutation that causes a change in amino acids can affect the trait controlled by the gene. This could be a simple change in appearance, like eye color or hair color. Sometimes, the protein produced does not function normally, leading to genetic diseases (abnormal Phenotype ).